3,809 research outputs found
Probability Density in the Complex Plane
The correspondence principle asserts that quantum mechanics resembles
classical mechanics in the high-quantum-number limit. In the past few years
many papers have been published on the extension of both quantum mechanics and
classical mechanics into the complex domain. However, the question of whether
complex quantum mechanics resembles complex classical mechanics at high energy
has not yet been studied. This paper introduces the concept of a local quantum
probability density in the complex plane. It is shown that there
exist infinitely many complex contours of infinite length on which is real and positive. Furthermore, the probability integral is finite. Demonstrating the existence of such contours is the essential
element in establishing the correspondence between complex quantum and
classical mechanics. The mathematics needed to analyze these contours is subtle
and involves the use of asymptotics beyond all orders.Comment: 38 pages, 17figure
On subgroups in division rings of type
Let be a division ring with center . We say that is a {\em
division ring of type } if for every two elements the division
subring is a finite dimensional vector space over . In this paper
we investigate multiplicative subgroups in such a ring.Comment: 10 pages, 0 figure
Seesaw Right Handed Neutrino as the Sterile Neutrino for LSND
We show that a double seesaw framework for neutrino masses with
exchange symmetry can lead to one of the righthanded seesaw partners of the
light neutrinos being massless. This can play the role of a light sterile
neutrino, giving a model that explains the LSND results. We get a very
economical scheme, which makes it possible to predict the full
neutrino mass matrix if CP is conserved. Once CP violation is included, effect
of the LSND mass range sterile neutrino is to eliminate the lower bound on
neutrinoless double beta decay rate which exists for the three neutrino case
with inverted mass hierarchy. The same strategy can also be used to generate a
natural model for LSND, which is also equally predictive for the CP
conserving case in the limit of exact symmetry.Comment: 13 pages and one figure; model extended to 3+2 cas
Complex Correspondence Principle
Quantum mechanics and classical mechanics are two very different theories,
but the correspondence principle states that quantum particles behave
classically in the limit of high quantum number. In recent years much research
has been done on extending both quantum mechanics and classical mechanics into
the complex domain. This letter shows that these complex extensions continue to
exhibit a correspondence, and that this correspondence becomes more pronounced
in the complex domain. The association between complex quantum mechanics and
complex classical mechanics is subtle and demonstrating this relationship
prequires the use of asymptotics beyond all orders.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figure
A Comprehensive View of a Strongly Lensed Planck-Associated Submillimeter Galaxy
We present high-resolution maps of stars, dust, and molecular gas in a strongly lensed submillimeter galaxy (SMG) at z = 3.259. HATLAS J114637.9–001132 is selected from the Herschel-Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS) as a strong lens candidate mainly based on its unusually high 500 μm flux density (~300 mJy). It is the only high-redshift Planck detection in the 130 deg^2 H-ATLAS Phase-I area. Keck Adaptive Optics images reveal a quadruply imaged galaxy in the K band while the Submillimeter Array and the Jansky Very Large Array show doubly imaged 880 μm and CO(1→0) sources, indicating differentiated distributions of the various components in the galaxy. In the source plane, the stars reside in three major kpc-scale clumps extended over ~1.6 kpc, the dust in a compact (~1 kpc) region ~3 kpc north of the stars, and the cold molecular gas in an extended (~7 kpc) disk ~5 kpc northeast of the stars. The emissions from the stars, dust, and gas are magnified by ~17, ~8, and ~7 times, respectively, by four lensing galaxies at z ~ 1. Intrinsically, the lensed galaxy is a warm (T_(dust) ~ 40-65 K), hyper-luminous (L_(IR) ~ 1.7 × 10^(13) L_☉; star formation rate (SFR) ~2000 M_☉ yr^(–1)), gas-rich (M_(gas)/M_(baryon) ~ 70%), young (M_(stellar)/SFR ~ 20 Myr), and short-lived (M_(gas)/SFR ~ 40 Myr) starburst. With physical properties similar to unlensed z > 2 SMGs, HATLAS J114637.9–001132 offers a detailed view of a typical SMG through a powerful cosmic microscope
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The Ca2+ transient as a feedback sensor controlling cardiomyocyte ionic conductances in mouse populations.
Conductances of ion channels and transporters controlling cardiac excitation may vary in a population of subjects with different cardiac gene expression patterns. However, the amount of variability and its origin are not quantitatively known. We propose a new conceptual approach to predict this variability that consists of finding combinations of conductances generating a normal intracellular Ca2+ transient without any constraint on the action potential. Furthermore, we validate experimentally its predictions using the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel, a model system of genetically diverse mouse strains that allows us to quantify inter-subject versus intra-subject variability. The method predicts that conductances of inward Ca2+ and outward K+ currents compensate each other to generate a normal Ca2+ transient in good quantitative agreement with current measurements in ventricular myocytes from hearts of different isogenic strains. Our results suggest that a feedback mechanism sensing the aggregate Ca2+ transient of the heart suffices to regulate ionic conductances
Charmless Three-body Decays of B Mesons
Charmless 3-body decays of B mesons are studied in the framework of the
factorization approach. The nonresonant contributions arising from transitions are evaluated using heavy meson chiral perturbation theory
(HMChPT). The momentum dependence of nonresonant amplitudes is assumed to be in
the exponential form e^{-\alpha_{NR}} p_B\cdot(p_i+p_j)} so that the HMChPT
results are recovered in the soft meson limit . In addition, we
have identified another large source of the nonresonant signal in the matrix
elements of scalar densities, e.g. , which can be
constrained from the decay or . The
intermediate vector meson contributions to 3-body decays are identified through
the vector current, while the scalar meson resonances are mainly associated
with the scalar density. Their effects are described in terms of the
Breit-Wigner formalism. Our main results are: (i) All KKK modes are dominated
by the nonresonant background. The predicted branching ratios of
, and modes are consistent with the
data within errors. (ii) Although the penguin-dominated
decay is subject to a potentially significant tree pollution, its effective
is very similar to that of the mode. However, direct
CP asymmetry of the former, being of order -4%, is more prominent than the
latter. (iii) For decays, we found sizable nonresonant
contributions in and modes, in agreement
with the Belle measurements but larger than the BaBar result.Comment: 39 pages, 2 figures, version to appear in PR
Supersymmetry Breaking by Type II Seesaw Assisted Anomaly Mediation
Anomaly mediated supersymmetry breaking (AMSB), when implemented in MSSM is
known to suffer from the problem of negative slepton mass squared leading to
breakdown of electric charge conservation. We show however that when MSSM is
extended to explain small neutrino masses by including a pair of superheavy
Higgs triplet superfields (the type II seesaw mechanism), the slepton masses
can be deflected from the pure AMSB trajectory and become positive. In a simple
model we present in this paper, the seesaw scale is about . Gauge coupling unification can be maintained by embedding the triplet to
SU(5) {\bf 15}-multiplet. In this scenario, bino is the LSP and its mass is
nearly degenerate with NLSP slepton when the triplet mass is right around the
seesaw scale.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures, added references, added footnote
Natural Realizations of Seesaw in Mini-Warped Minimal SO(10)
The minimal SUSY SO(10) GUT models with {\bf 10}, {\bf 126} and {\bf 210}
Higgs and only renormalizable couplings has been shown to provide a simple way
to understand the neutrino mixings as well as the ratio in terms of quark mixing parameter ,
provided neutrino masses are described by type II seesaw formula. However, in
this minimal picture, it is impossible to realize type II dominance with
renormalizable couplings in 4-dimensions. We show that this problem can be
cured by embedding this model into a warped 5-dimensional space time with
warping between the Planck and the GUT scale, where both type II as well as
mixed seesaw formulae can be realized in a natural manner without expanding the
Higgs sector. These models also avoid the possible problem of threshold effects
associated with large Higgs representations since the theory above the GUT
scale is now strongly coupled.Comment: 20 pages and one figur
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